RSSAlle reacties Tagged With: "vrouwenrechten"

Iraanse vrouwen na de Islamitische revolutie

Ansiia Khaz Allii


Meer dan dertig jaar zijn verstreken sinds de triomf van de islamitische revolutie in Iran voorbij, toch is er nog steeds een aantal vragen en onduidelijkheden over de manier waarop de Islamitische Republiek en zijn wetten omgaan met hedendaagse problemen en huidige omstandigheden, vooral met betrekking tot vrouwen en de rechten van vrouwen. Deze korte paper zal licht werpen op deze kwesties en de studie van de huidige positie van vrouwen in verschillende sferen, deze te vergelijken met de situatie voorafgaand aan de Islamitische Revolutie. Betrouwbare en geverifieerde data is gebruikt waar mogelijk. De introductie geeft een overzicht van een aantal theoretische en juridische studies die het verstrekken basis waarvan vervolgens praktischer analyse en de bronnen waaruit de gegevens zijn verkregen.
Het eerste hoofdstuk gaat in de houding van de leiding van de Islamitische Republiek van Iran ten opzichte van vrouwen en vrouwenrechten, en neemt vervolgens een uitgebreide blik op de wetten afgekondigd sinds de islamitische revolutie met betrekking tot vrouwen en hun positie in de maatschappij. Het tweede deel beschouwt vrouwen culturele en educatieve ontwikkelingen sinds de revolutie en vergelijkt deze met de pre-revolutionaire situatie. De derde deel wordt gekeken naar vrouwen politiek, sociale en economische participatie en beschouwt zowel kwantitatieve en kwalitatieve aspecten van hun dienstverband. Het vierde hoofdstuk onderzoekt vervolgens vragen van de familie, de relatie tussen de vrouw en de familie, en de rol van de familie in de rechten van vrouwen in het beperken van of het verhogen de Islamitische Republiek Iran.

De Egyptische blogosfeer: huis van een nieuw feminisme

Laura Pitel

Has there been a time in your life when you experienced, felt or even heard about a story at the heart of which lay the oppression of a woman because she, a female, lives in a male society?1These were the first words of an email sent in 2006 to Egypt‟s female bloggers, calling upon them to speak out about the problems faced by women in their society. The authors of the invitation were a group of five female Egyptian bloggers who, weeks earlier, had begun We are all Laila – a blogging initiative set-up in order to shed light on the frustrations of being a woman in a patriarchal society. On 9th September, over 70 bloggers contributed to We are all Laila day, successfully creating a storm both in the world of blogging and beyond.The group formed at a time of enormous growth in Egypt‟s online sphere. The popularity of blogs – websites usually run by an individual, made public for anyone to read – took off in the three years up to 2007: pre-2005 there were around 40 Egyptian blogs,2 door 2005 there were about 400,3 and by September 2006 that number is estimated to have been 1800.4 This parallels the growth in the global blogosphere5 which was home to 70 million blogs by April 2007.

Vrouwen, werk, en de islam in Arabische samenlevingen

Yusuf Sidani

Arab societies are currently in a state of confusion. Problems of underdevelopment,inequity, institutional deficiencies, and illiteracy are rampant (Arab HumanDevelopment Report, 2002). Arabs seem to be in a futile search for a new identity ina world that is transforming: power structures are shifting, societal expectations arechanging, and male-female relations are developing. The Arabs seem to yearn for anew identity that does not displace them from their roots, and at the same timeconnects them to the future; the search seems incessantly fruitless. Even non-Arabsseem to be confused about the issue. Vivid movie images mostly portray the Arab maleas a primitive, fanatic, brutal, lunatic, vicious, and splendidly prosperous individualwhile the Arab woman is portrayed as a belly dancer or whore, a veiled submissivemember of a luxurious harem, or a speechless oppressed character with no identity(Boullata, 1990). The political developments of the past few years did not help bringabout a better image. The rise of Islamic activism, end of the cold war, Huntington’s“clash of civilizations” supposition, and the events of 11th September only reinforcedthe bewilderment and confusion.In addressing the notion of women’s participation in the business and politicalarenas in Arab societies, conflicting remarks are brought forward. Some refer to therole of culture and the prevailing religion in the area – Islam and interpretations ofIslam – as possible reasons for such lack of participation (El-Saadawi, 1997; Mernissi,1991). Islam, it is asserted, is not merely a set of beliefs and rituals but is also a socialorder that has an all-pervading influence on its followers (Weir, 2000). This essayattempts to present varying discourses pertaining to women’s work and how it isimpacted by interpretations of Islam. We present current discourses from variousviewpoints including Muslim scholars on the one hand and active feminists on theother hand. We address the disagreements that exist in the camps of the religiousscholars in their interpretations of religious texts impacting women and their work. Inaddition, we tackle the feminist discourse pertaining to the role of Islam, orunderstandings of Islam, in their participation and development.