All Entries in the "somalija" Category

Arabų rytoj

DAVIDAS B. OTAVEJUS

Spalio mėn 6, 1981, turėjo būti švenčiama Egipte. Ji pažymėjo didžiausios Egipto pergalės trijuose arabų ir Izraelio konfliktuose metines, kai šalies nepalankioji armija veržėsi per Sueco kanalą atidarymo dienomis 1973 Jom Kipuro karas ir išsiuntė Izraelio karius besitraukiančius. Ant vėsaus, debesuotas rytas, Kairo stadionas buvo sausakimšas egiptiečių šeimų, atvykusių pažiūrėti kariškių. Ant apžvalgos stendo, Prezidentas Anwaras el-Sadatas,karo architektas, su pasitenkinimu stebėjo, kaip prieš jį demonstruoja vyrai ir mašinos. Aš buvau šalia, ką tik atvykęs užsienio korespondentas.Staiga, vienas iš armijos sunkvežimių sustojo tiesiai prieš apžvalgos stendą, kai šeši „Mirage“ reaktyviniai lėktuvai riaumoja virš galvos ir atliko akrobatinį pasirodymą., dangų nudažius ilgais raudonos spalvos takais, geltona, violetinė,ir žali dūmai. Sadatas atsistojo, matyt, ruošiasi keistis sveikinimais su dar vienu egiptiečių karių kontingentu. Jis tapo puikiu taikiniu keturiems islamistams, iššokusiems iš sunkvežimio, šturmavo podiumą, ir apipylė jo kūną kulkomis.Kai žudikai tęsė, atrodytų, amžinybę, apipurškę stovą mirtina ugnimi., Akimirksniu svarsčiau, ar atsitrenkti į žemę ir rizikuoti, kad panikuoti žiūrovai mane mirtinai sutryps, ar likti toliau ir rizikuoti paimti užklydusią kulką. Instinktas liepė man stovėti ant kojų, ir mano žurnalistinės pareigos jausmas paskatino mane eiti išsiaiškinti, ar Sadatas gyvas, ar miręs.

ISLAMAS, DEMOCRACY & THE USA:

Cordoba Foundation

Abdullah Faliq |

Intro ,

POLITICAL ISLAM IN SOMALIA

Georgas-Sebastianas Holzeris

Since the attacks of 9/11 Somalia has become the subject of renewed attention from the United States and Europe. As thearchetype of a failed state, the threat it poses has been equated to that which the US faced in Afghanistan and is seen as a fertile groundfor radical Islamic groups, in particular al-Qaeda. However Islam in Somalia has a distinct nature. An examination of its history leads to an understanding of the complex relationship between religion and Somaliclan-based society. A closer investigation of two of the most importantIslamist groups, al-Itihaad and the Council of Islamic Courts, will helpto comprehend this relationship within the context of contemporary Somalia. Finally, this article analyses the role of Islam in Somalia’s new economy by focusing on the example of the remittance and telecommunication company al-Barakaat that was linked to al-Qaeda by the US afterthe 9/11 terrorist attacks.THE DISTINCT NATURE OF ISLAM IN SOMALIA The history of Islam at the Horn of Africa stretches back 1400years. The faith reached the Horn of Africa from the Arabian Peninsula through trade and migration, mainly from Yemen and Oman.1By 1400AD, a large-scale conversion to Islam was taking place in Somalia, first spread by the Dir clan family, but followed by the restof the nation.2 In Somalia today, almost 100% of the population are Sunni Muslim, generally adhering to a Shafi’i version of the religion.As I.M. Lewis has pointed out, this was closely linked to thegenealogical myths of Somali clan identity and is characterized by the veneration of saints as well as ancestors of various Somali clans.Apolitical Sufism has traditionally dominated this faith.

Pilietinė visuomenė ir demokratizacija arabų pasaulyje

Saad Eddin Ibrahim

Net jei islamas yra atsakymas, Arabų musulmonai yra problema

Geguže 2008, arabų tauta patyrė daug gaisrų, tiksliau, ginkluoti konfliktai—į

Libanas, Irakas, Palestina, Jemenas, ir Somalyje. Šiuose konfliktuose,

kariaujančios šalys naudojo islamą kaip mobilizavimo priemonę

ir kaupia paramą. Kolektyviai, Musulmonai yra

kariaudamas prieš musulmonus.

Kai kurie musulmonai iškėlė šūkį „Islamas yra sprendimas,“

tai

„jų islamas yra problema“. Vos tik kai kurie iš jų įsigijo ginklų,

nei iškėlė ją prieš valstybę ir jos valdantį režimą, nepaisant to

ar tas režimas valdė islamo vardu, ar ne.

Mes turime

pastaraisiais metais tai matė tarp Osamos bin Ladeno pasekėjų

viena vertus, „Al-Qaeda“ organizacija, ir valdžios institucijos

Saudo Arabijos karalystė, ant kito. Mes taip pat matėme

šio fenomeno Maroke pavyzdys, kurio karalius valdo vardan islamo ir

kurio vardas yra „Ištikimųjų kunigaikštis.’ Taigi kiekviena musulmonų frakcija nužudo kitus musulmonus

islamo vardas.

Greitas žvilgsnis į žiniasklaidos turinį patvirtina, kaip

islamo terminas ir su juo susiję simboliai tapo tik šių musulmonų rankose.

Ryškūs šių islamą išnaudojančių frakcijų pavyzdžiai yra:

Musulmonų brolija, Egipto islamo džihadas, ir Jamiat al-Islamiyya, Egipte

„Hamas“ ir Islamo džihado judėjimas, Palestinos „Hezbollah“, „Fatah al-Islam“,

ir Jamiat al-Islammiyya, Libane sukilėliai „Houthi Zayadi“ ir islamo reformų grupė

(Tobulėjimas), Jemene Islamo teismai, Somalyje „Islamo frontas“ ,

„ZD Scribd iPaper“

į 500 most influential muslims

Jonas Esposito

Ibrahimas Kalinas

The publication you have in your hands is the first of what we hope will be anannual series that provides a window into the movers and shakers of the Muslimworld. We have strived to highlight people who are influential as Muslims, thatis, people whose influence is derived from their practice of Islam or from the factthat they are Muslim. We think that this gives valuable insight into the differentways that Muslims impact the world, and also shows the diversity of how peopleare living as Muslims today.Influence is a tricky concept. Its meaning derives from the Latin word influensmeaning to flow-in, pointing to an old astrological idea that unseen forces (like themoon) affect humanity. The figures on this list have the ability to affect humanitytoo. In a variety of different ways each person on this list has influence over thelives of a large number of people on the earth. The 50 most influential figuresare profiled. Their influence comes from a variety of sources; however they areunified by the fact that they each affect huge swathes of humanity.We have then broken up the 500 leaders into 15 categories—Scholarly, Political,Administrative, Lineage, Preachers, Moterys, Youth, Philanthropy, Development,Science and Technology, Arts and Culture, Žiniasklaida, Radicals, International IslamicNetworks, and Issues of the Day—to help you understand the different kinds ofways Islam and Muslims impact the world today.Two composite lists show how influence works in different ways: InternationalIslamic Networks shows people who are at the head of important transnationalnetworks of Muslims, and Issues of the Day highlights individuals whoseimportance is due to current issues affecting humanity.

THE ISLAH MOVEMENT: Islamic Moderation in War-torn Somalia

Abdurahmanas M.. Abdullahi

The growth of Islamic movements has been attracting greaterinterest over the last three decades, in particular after the 9/11 attack on US targets and the subsequent declaration of the GlobalWar on Terrorism. Many factors have contributed to this growth; oneof the major causes has been the failure of the post-colonial statesin many Muslim countries and the attractiveness of the oppositionalIslamic approach as an alternative. These movements took various2courses to realize their agendas and formulated differentmethodologies and strategies because of the diverse conditions andenvironment in which they have grown and are operating2. Forinstance, some movements in dictatorial regimes or in Muslimcommunities under foreign occupation or those living as amarginalized minority may resort to violence as the only availablemeans of political expression. On the other hand, movements in thedemocratic environment usually participate in the democraticpolitical process and implement successful social programs3. In theSomali context, Somali students in the Arab World universities in1960s had been interacting with different Islamic groups, embracedsimilar ideas and gradually formed comparable movements. Inparticular, two main organizations have become more prominentsince the 1980s; namely the Muslim Brotherhood affiliated Islah(reform) Movement (1978) and the neo-Salafia associated al-Ittihad(Islamic Union) Movement (1980) and its successive offshoots .