में सभी प्रविष्टियों "सोमालिया" श्रेणी

अरब कल

डेविड बी. OTTAWAY

अक्टूबर 6, 1981, मिस्र में उत्सव का दिन माना जाता था. इसने तीन अरब-इजरायल संघर्षों में मिस्र की सबसे शानदार जीत की वर्षगांठ को चिह्नित किया, जब देश की दलित सेना ने उद्घाटन के दिनों में स्वेज नहर के पार जोर लगाया 1973 योम किपपुर युद्ध और इजरायली सैनिकों को पीछे हटने में भेज दिया. एक शांत पर, बादल रहित सुबह, काहिरा स्टेडियम मिस्र के परिवारों के साथ पैक किया गया था जो सैन्य अकड़ को देखने के लिए आए थे, अध्यक्ष अनवर अल सादत,युद्ध के वास्तुकार, पुरुषों और मशीनों के रूप में संतुष्टि के साथ देखा उससे पहले परेड. मैं पास था, एक नव आगमन विदेशी संवाददाता। अचानक, सेना के ट्रकों में से एक सीधे खड़े खड़े समीक्षा के सामने रुक गया, जैसे कि छह मिराज जेट ने तीखे प्रदर्शन में उपरि गर्जना की, लाल रंग के लंबे ट्रेल्स के साथ आकाश को चित्रित करना, पीला, बैंगनी,और हरे रंग का धुआं. सआदत खड़ा हो गया, जाहिरा तौर पर मिस्र के सैनिकों की एक और टुकड़ी के साथ सलामी का आदान-प्रदान करने की तैयारी है. उसने ट्रक से कूदने वाले चार इस्लामी हत्यारों के लिए खुद को सही निशाना बनाया, पोडियम पर पहुंचे, और उसके शरीर को गोलियों से छलनी कर दिया। क्या हत्यारों को अपनी घातक आग के साथ स्टैंड स्प्रे करने के लिए अनंत काल लग रहा था, मैं एक पल के लिए विचार करता हूं कि क्या जमीन पर मारना और जोखिम को घबराए दर्शकों द्वारा मार दिया जाना है या पीछे रहना और जोखिम लेना एक आवारा गोली लेना है. वृत्ति ने मुझे अपने पैरों पर रहने के लिए कहा, और मेरी पत्रकारिता के कर्तव्य ने मुझे यह पता लगाने के लिए बाध्य किया कि क्या सआदत जिंदा थी या मर गई.

इस्लाम, लोकतंत्र & अमेरिका:

कॉर्डोबा फाउंडेशन

अब्दुल्ला Faliq

पहचान ,

सोमालिया में राजनीतिक इस्लाम

Georg-सेबस्टियन Holzer

Since the attacks of 9/11 Somalia has become the subject of renewed attention from the United States and Europe. As thearchetype of a failed state, the threat it poses has been equated to that which the US faced in Afghanistan and is seen as a fertile groundfor radical Islamic groups, in particular al-Qaeda. However Islam in Somalia has a distinct nature. An examination of its history leads to an understanding of the complex relationship between religion and Somaliclan-based society. A closer investigation of two of the most importantIslamist groups, al-Itihaad and the Council of Islamic Courts, will helpto comprehend this relationship within the context of contemporary Somalia. अंत में, this article analyses the role of Islam in Somalia’s new economy by focusing on the example of the remittance and telecommunication company al-Barakaat that was linked to al-Qaeda by the US afterthe 9/11 terrorist attacks.THE DISTINCT NATURE OF ISLAM IN SOMALIA The history of Islam at the Horn of Africa stretches back 1400years. The faith reached the Horn of Africa from the Arabian Peninsula through trade and migration, mainly from Yemen and Oman.1By 1400AD, a large-scale conversion to Islam was taking place in Somalia, first spread by the Dir clan family, but followed by the restof the nation.2 In Somalia today, almost 100% of the population are Sunni Muslim, generally adhering to a Shafi’i version of the religion.As I.M. Lewis has pointed out, this was closely linked to thegenealogical myths of Somali clan identity and is characterized by the veneration of saints as well as ancestors of various Somali clans.Apolitical Sufism has traditionally dominated this faith.

सिविल और अरब विश्व में समाज लोकतंत्रीकरण

साद Eddin इब्राहिम

Even if Islam is the Answer, Arab Muslims are the Problem

In May 2008, the Arab nation experienced a number of fires, or rather, armed conflicts—में

लेबनान, इराक, फिलिस्तीन, Yemen, and Somalia. In these conflicts,

the warring parties used Islam as the instrument for mobilization

and amassing support. Collectively, Muslims are

waging war against Muslims.

After some Muslims raised the slogan of “Islam is the solution,"

यह

became apparent “their Islam is the problem.” No sooner have some of them acquired weapons,

than they raised it against the state and its ruling regime regardless of

whether that regime was ruling in the name of Islam or not.

We have

seen this in recent years between the followers of Osama bin Laden

and the Al-Qaeda organization on the one hand, and the authorities in

the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, on the other. We have also seen an

explosive example of this phenomenon in Morocco, whose king rules in the name of Islam and

whose title is the ‘Prince of the Faithful.’ Thus each Muslim faction kills other Muslims in the

name of Islam.

A quick glance at the contents of the media confirms how the

term Islam and its associated symbols have become mere tools in the hands of these Muslims.

Prominent examples of these Islam-exploiting factions are:

मुस्लिम ब्रदरहुड, Egyptian Islamic Jihad, and Jamiat al-Islamiyya, in Egypt

Hamas and the Islamic Jihad Movement, in Palestine Hezbollah, Fatah al-Islam,

and Jamiat al-Islammiyya, in Lebanon The Houthi Zayadi rebels and the Islamic Reform Grouping

(Islah), inYemen The Islamic courts, in Somalia The Islamic Front ,

ZD स्क्रिप्ड IPAPER

the 500 सबसे प्रभावशाली मुसलमानों

जॉन Esposito

इब्राहिम Kalin

The publication you have in your hands is the first of what we hope will be anannual series that provides a window into the movers and shakers of the Muslimworld. We have strived to highlight people who are influential as Muslims, thatis, people whose influence is derived from their practice of Islam or from the factthat they are Muslim. We think that this gives valuable insight into the differentways that Muslims impact the world, and also shows the diversity of how peopleare living as Muslims today.Influence is a tricky concept. Its meaning derives from the Latin word influensmeaning to flow-in, pointing to an old astrological idea that unseen forces (like themoon) affect humanity. The figures on this list have the ability to affect humanitytoo. In a variety of different ways each person on this list has influence over thelives of a large number of people on the earth. The 50 most influential figuresare profiled. Their influence comes from a variety of sources; however they areunified by the fact that they each affect huge swathes of humanity.We have then broken up the 500 leaders into 15 categories—Scholarly, Political,Administrative, Lineage, Preachers, महिला, Youth, Philanthropy, Development,Science and Technology, Arts and Culture, मीडिया, Radicals, International IslamicNetworks, और आज के मुद्दे—इस्लाम और मुसलमानों द्वारा आज दुनिया को प्रभावित करने वाले विभिन्न प्रकार के तरीकों को समझने में आपकी मदद करने के लिए। दो मिश्रित सूचियां दर्शाती हैं कि प्रभाव विभिन्न तरीकों से कैसे काम करता है: InternationalIslamic Networks उन लोगों को दिखाता है जो मुसलमानों के महत्वपूर्ण अंतरराष्ट्रीय नेटवर्क के प्रमुख हैं, और दिन के मुद्दे उन व्यक्तियों पर प्रकाश डालते हैं जिनका महत्व मानवता को प्रभावित करने वाले वर्तमान मुद्दों के कारण है.

Islah आंदोलन: युद्धग्रस्त सोमालिया में इस्लामी मॉडरेशन

अब्दुर्रहमान एम.. Abdullahi

The growth of Islamic movements has been attracting greaterinterest over the last three decades, in particular after the 9/11 attack on US targets and the subsequent declaration of the GlobalWar on Terrorism. Many factors have contributed to this growth; oneof the major causes has been the failure of the post-colonial statesin many Muslim countries and the attractiveness of the oppositionalIslamic approach as an alternative. These movements took various2courses to realize their agendas and formulated differentmethodologies and strategies because of the diverse conditions andenvironment in which they have grown and are operating2. Forinstance, some movements in dictatorial regimes or in Muslimcommunities under foreign occupation or those living as amarginalized minority may resort to violence as the only availablemeans of political expression. दूसरी ओर, movements in thedemocratic environment usually participate in the democraticpolitical process and implement successful social programs3. In theSomali context, Somali students in the Arab World universities in1960s had been interacting with different Islamic groups, embracedsimilar ideas and gradually formed comparable movements. Inparticular, two main organizations have become more prominentsince the 1980s; namely the Muslim Brotherhood affiliated Islah(सुधार) Movement (1978) and the neo-Salafia associated al-Ittihad(Islamic Union) Movement (1980) and its successive offshoots .