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El Islam y la creación del poder estatal
Seyyed Reza Vali Nasr
ISLAM, LA DEMOCRACIA & EE.UU:
Fundación Córdoba
Abdullah Faliq
Introducción ,
Un archipiélago musulmán
Número máximo de L. Bruto
Los partidos de oposición islamistas y el potencial para el compromiso de la UE
Toby Archer
Heidi Huuhtanen
Resolver islamistas América's Dilemma: Lecciones de Asia meridional y sudoriental
BETWEEN THE GLOBAL AND THE LOCAL
ANTHONY Bubalo
GREG FEALY
Against the background of the ‘war on terror’,many people have come to view Islamism as amonolithic ideological movement spreading from thecenter of the Muslim world, the Middle East, toMuslim countries around the globe. To borrow aphrase from Abdullah Azzam, the legendary jihadistwho fought to expel the Soviet Union fromAfghanistan in the 1980s, many today see all Islamistsas fellow travellers in a global fundamentalist caravan.This paper evaluates the truth of that perception. Itdoes so by examining the spread of two broad categoriesof Islamic thinking and activism — the morepolitically focused Islamism and more religiouslyfocused ‘neo-fundamentalism’ — from the MiddleEast to Indonesia, a country often cited as an exampleof a formerly peaceful Muslim community radicalizedby external influences.Islamism is a term familiar to many.Most commonly itis used to categorize ideas and forms of activism thatconceive of Islam as a political ideology. Este Dia, a widerange of groups are classified as Islamist, from theEgyptian Muslim Brotherhood to al-qa‘ida.While sucha categorization remains appropriate in many cases,Islamism seems less useful as a label for those groupsthat do not see Islam as a political ideology and largelyeschew political activism — even if their activism sometimeshas political implications. Included in this categoryare groups concerned primarily with Islamic mission-IV Be t w e e n t h e G l o b a l a n d t h e L o c a l : Islamismo, the Mi d d l e E a s t , a n d Indonesiaary activity, but it would also include a group such asal-qa‘ida whose acts of terrorism are arguably drivenless by concrete political objectives than religious inspiration,albeit of a misguided form. This paper thereforeuses the term ‘neo-fundamentalist’, developed by theFrench scholar Olivier Roy, to describe these groups andwill study the transmission of both Islamist and neofundamentalistideas to Indonesia.
ISLÁMICA modernidades: Fethullah Gülen y el Islam Contemporáneo
Honorario cuchillo
The Nurju movement1, being the oldest moderate Islamist movement which is probably peculiar to Modern Turkey, was broken into several groups since Said Nursi, the founder of the movement, passed away in 1960. At the present time, there are more than ten nurcu groups with different agendas and strategies. Despite all their differences, today the Nurju groups seem to acknowledge each other’s identity and try to keep a certain level of solidarity. Theplace of the Fethullah Gulen group within the Nurju movement, sin embargo,, seems to be a bit shaky.Fethullah Gulen (b.1938) split himself, at least in appearance, from the overall Nurju movement in 1972 and succeeded in establishing his own group with a strong organizational structure in the 1980’s and the 90’s. Due to the development of its broad school network both in Turkey and abroad2, his group attracted attention. Those schools fascinated not only Islamist businessmen and middle classes but also a large number of secularist intellectuals and politicians. Although it originally emerged out of the overall Nurju movement, some believe that the number of the followers of the Fethullah Gulen group is much larger than that of the total of the rest of the nurju groups. Yet, there seems to be enough reason to think that there was a price to pay for this success: alienation from other Islamist groups as well as from the overall Nurju movement of which the Fethullah Gulen group3 itself is supposed to be a part.
Progreso de pensamiento islámico, la sociedad civil y el movimiento Gülen en el contexto nacional
Greg Barton
Fethullah Gülen (nacido 1941), Hodjaeffendi o como se le conoce cariñosamente por cientos de miles de personas en su país natal, Turquía y en el extranjero, es uno de los pensadores islámicos más importantes y activistas que han surgido en el siglo XX. Su pensamiento optimista y con visión de futuro, con su énfasis en el desarrollo personal de corazón y mente a través de la educación, de participar de forma proactiva y positiva con el mundo moderno y de llegar en el diálogo y un espíritu de cooperación entre las comunidades religiosas, los estratos sociales y las naciones se puede leer como una reformulación contemporánea de las enseñanzas de Jalaluddin Rumi, Yunus Emre, y otros maestros sufíes clásicos (Michel, 2005a, 2005b; Saritoprak, 2003; 2005a; 2005b; Unal y Williams, 2005). Más específicamente, Gülen se puede ver que se lleven a donde Said Nursi (1876-1960), otro gran intelectual islámica de Anatolia, dejó: manera chartinga de activistas musulmanes en Turquía y más allá de contribuir eficazmente al desarrollo de la sociedad moderna, que evita las trampas y los compromisos de activismo político-partidista y sustituye a la estrechez de islamistas pensamiento con un inclusiva real y la comprensión humanitaria del papel de la religión en el mundo moderno (Abu-Rabi, 1995; Markham y Ozdemir, 2005; La toxina botulínica, 2005, Yavuz, 2005a).
The United States and Egypt
A Conference Report
The study of bilateral relations has fallen deeply out of favor in the academiccommunity. Political science has turned to the study of international state systemsrather than relations between individual states; anthropologists and sociologists arefar more interested in non-state actors; and historians have largely abandonedstates altogether. It is a shame, because there is much to be learned from bilateralrelationships, and some such relationships are vital—not only to the countriesinvolved, but also to a broader array of countries.One such vital relationship is that between the United States and Egypt. Forgedduring the Cold War almost entirely on the issue of Arab-Israeli peacemaking, theU.S.-Egyptian bilateral relationship has deepened and broadened over the lastquarter century. Egypt remains one of the United States’ most important Arab allies,and the bilateral relationship with Washington remains the keystone of Egypt’sforeign policy. Strong U.S.-Egyptian bilateral relations are also an important anchorfor states throughout the Middle East and for Western policy in the region. Therelationship is valuable for policymakers in both countries; doing without it isunthinkable.To explore this relationship, the CSIS Middle East Program, in cooperation with theAl-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies in Cairo, convened a one-dayconference on June 26, 2003, entitled, “The United States and Egypt: Building thePartnership.” The goal of the meeting was to brainstorm how that partnership mightbe strengthened.Participants agreed that much needs to be done on the diplomatic, political, militar,and economic levels. Although all did not agree on a single course forward, theparticipants unanimously concurred that a stronger U.S.-Egyptian relationship is verymuch in the interests of both countries, and although it will require a great deal ofwork to achieve, the benefits are worth the effort.
Will Turkey Have An Islamist President?
Michael Rubin
While the campaigns have not officially begun, election season in Turkey is heating up. This spring, theTurkish parliament will select a president to replace current president Ahmet Necdet Sezer, whose seven-yearterm ends on May 16, 2007. On or before November 4, 2007, Turks will head to the polls to choose a newparliament. Not only does this year mark the first since 1973—and 1950 before that—in which Turks willinaugurate a new president and parliament in the same year, but this year’s polls will also impact the futureof Turkey more than perhaps any election in the past half century. If Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdo˘gan wins the presidency and his Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi, also known asAKP) retains its parliamentary majority, Islamists would control all Turkish offices and be positioned toerode secularism and redefine state and society.If Erdo˘gan ascends to Çankaya Palace—theTurkish White House—Turks face the prospect if an Islamist president and a first lady who wearsa Saudi-style headscarf. Such a prospect has fueled speculation about intervention by the Turkish military,which traditionally serves as the guardian of secularism and the Turkish constitution. In December2006, for example, Newsweek published an essay entitled “The Coming Coup d’Etat?” predictinga 50 percent chance of the military seizing control in Turkey this year.1While concern about the future of Turkish secularism is warranted, alarmism about militaryintervention is not. There will be no more military coups in Turkey. Erdog˘ an may be prepared tospark a constitutional crisis in pursuit of personal ambition and ideological agenda, but Turkey’scivilian institutions are strong enough to confront the challenge. The greatest danger to Turkishdemocracy will not be Turkish military intervention,but rather well-meaning but naïve interferenceby U.S. diplomats seeking stability and downplaying the Islamist threat.
Los movimientos islámicos y el uso de la violencia:
Soplando Kirdis
A pesar de enfoque académico reciente y popular en las redes transnacionales de violencia terrorista islámica,hay una multiplicidad de movimientos islámicos. Esta multiplicidad se presenta con dos estudiosos rompecabezas. El primer enigma es comprender por qué los movimientos islámicos de orientación interna que se formaron como reacción al establecimiento de estados-nación seculares trasladaron sus actividades y objetivos a un espacio transnacional de múltiples capas.. El segundo enigma es comprender por qué grupos con objetivos y objetivos similares adoptan diferentes estrategias de uso de la violencia o la no violencia cuando “se vuelven transnacionales”. Las dos preguntas principales que abordará este artículo son: ¿Por qué los movimientos islámicos se vuelven transnacionales?? Y, ¿Por qué toman formas diferentes cuando se transnacionalizan?? Primero, Argumento que el nivel transnacional presenta un nuevo escenario político para los movimientos islámicos que están limitados en sus reclamos a nivel nacional.. Segundo, Argumento que la transnacionalización crea incertidumbre para los grupos sobre su identidad y reclamos a nivel transnacional. El medio adoptado, i. uso de la violencia versus la no violencia, depende del tipo de transnacionalización, los actores se encuentran a nivel transnacional, y las interpretaciones del liderazgo sobre hacia dónde debe ir el movimiento a continuación. Para responder a mis preguntas, Voy a ver cuatro casos: (1) Islam turco, (2) la Hermandad Musulmana, (3) Jemaah Islamiyah, y (4) Tablighi Jamaat
Evaluación de la corriente principal islamista en Egipto y Malasia
Más allá del 'terrorismo' y la 'hegemonía estatal': evaluación de la corriente principal islamista en Egipto y Malasia
Enero FUERTE
Las redes internacionales de “terrorismo” islámico han servido como la explicación más popular para describir el fenómeno del Islam político desde el 11 ataques de septiembre.
Este artículo argumenta que tanto el autoproclamado Islam doctrinal de los militantes como las percepciones occidentales de una amenaza islamista homogénea deben ser deconstruidos para descubrir las manifestaciones a menudo ambiguas del Islam "oficial" y de "oposición"., de la modernidad y el conservadurismo.
Como una comparación de dos países islámicos, Egipto y Malasia,que reclaman un papel de liderazgo en sus respectivas regiones, espectáculos, Los grupos islámicos moderados han tenido un impacto considerable en los procesos de democratización y el surgimiento de la sociedad civil durante el cuarto de siglo desde el “resurgimiento islámico”.
Las experiencias compartidas, como la formación de coaliciones y la participación activa dentro del sistema político, demuestran la influencia y la importancia de grupos como los Hermanos Musulmanes egipcios., el Movimiento de la Juventud Islámica de Malasia (ABIM) o el Partido Islámico de Malasia (NO).
Estos grupos han dado forma al panorama político en una medida mucho mayor de lo que sugiere la actual preocupación por la "amenaza terrorista".. El desarrollo gradual de una “cultura de diálogo” ha revelado más bien nuevos enfoques hacia la participación política y la democracia a nivel de base..