Исламот и либералната демократија
| септември 08, 2010 | коментари 2
Робин Рајт
Of all the challenges facing democracy in the 1990s, one of the greatest lies in the Islamic world. Only a handful of the more than four dozen predominantly Muslim countries have made significant strides toward establishing democratic systems. Among this handful–including Albania, Bangladesh, Џордан, Kyrgyzstan, Либан, Mali, Пакистан, and Turkey–not one has yet achieved full, stable, or secure democracy. And the largest single regional bloc holding out against the global trend toward political pluralism comprises the Muslim countries of the Middle East and North Africa.
Yet the resistance to political change associated with the Islamic bloc is not necessarily a function of the Muslim faith. Навистина, the evidence indicates quite the reverse. Rulers in some of the most antidemocratic regimes in the Islamic world–such as Brunei, Индонезија, Ирак, Оман, Катар, Сирија, and Turkmenistan–are secular autocrats who refuse to share power with their brethren.
Севкупно, the obstacles to political pluralism in Islamic countries are not unlike the problems earlier faced in other parts of the world: secular ideologies such as Ba’athism in Iraq and Syria, Pancasila in Indonesia, or lingering communism in some former Soviet Central Asian states brook no real opposition. Ironically, many of these ideologies were adapted from the West; Ba’athism, for instance, was inspired by the European socialism of the 1930s and 1940s. Ригидните владини контроли над сè, од комуникациите во Саудиска Арабија и Брунеи до странските посетители во Узбекистан и Индонезија, исто така, ги изолираат нивните луѓе од демократските идеи и дебатата за зајакнување на народот. Во најголемите и најсиромашните муслимански земји, Згора на тоа, проблеми заеднички за [Крајна страница 64] државите во развој, од неписменост и болест до сиромаштија, направи едноставно преживување приоритет и ја направи демократската политика навидум луксуз. конечно, како и нивните немуслимански соседи во Азија и Африка, повеќето муслимански општества немаат локална историја на демократија на која може да се потпираат. Додека демократијата процвета во западните држави во последните три века, Муслиманските општества обично живееле под колонијални владетели, кралеви, или племенски и кланови водачи.
Со други зборови, ниту исламот ниту неговата култура не се главната пречка за политичката модерност, even if undemocratic rulers sometimes use Islam as their excuse. 1 In Saudi Arabia, for instance, the ruling House of Saud relied on Wahhabism, a puritanical brand of Sunni Islam, first to unite the tribes of the Arabian Peninsula and then to justify dynastic rule. Like other monotheistic religions, Islam offers wide-ranging and sometimes contradictory instruction. In Saudi Arabia, Islam’s tenets have been selectively shaped to sustain an authoritarian monarchy.
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Usually I do not post on blogs, but I would like to say that this article really forced me to do so! Thanks, really nice article.
Thank you for the interesting article… Сепак, I find myself unable to swallow the idea of branding democracy as liberal… Yes the two concepts are related as they originate from a common theoretical background, nonetheless, theory of liberal toleration is closely related to Christian faith (kingdom of Christ and kindgom of man) which is not the case in islamic theology or political thinking… Hence, if we accept the idea of democracy, this does not mean that we should accept the liberal theory as a consequence.