RSS태그가 지정된 모든 항목: "가자"

세속주의와 이슬람주의 사이의 페미니즘: 팔레스타인의 경우

박사, 이슬라 자드

서안지구와 가자지구에서 총선 실시 2006 이슬람 운동 하마스가 집권하다, 팔레스타인 입법의회 과반수와 하마스 정부의 첫 다수당을 형성했다.. 이 선거로 하마스 최초의 여성 장관이 임명되었습니다., 여성부 장관이 된 사람. 3월 사이 2006 그리고 6월 2007, 두 명의 다른 여성 하마스 장관이 이 직책을 맡았습니다., 그러나 직원 대부분이 하마스 회원이 아닌 다른 정당에 속해 있기 때문에 둘 다 부를 관리하기가 어렵다는 것을 발견했습니다., 그리고 대부분은 Fatah의 회원이었습니다., 대부분의 팔레스타인 자치 정부 기관을 통제하는 지배적 인 운동. 하마스가 가자지구에서 권력을 장악하고 요르단강 서안에서 정부가 몰락하면서 여성부 소속 하마스 여성들과 파타 여성 의원들 사이의 긴장된 투쟁 기간은 끝이 났습니다. 때때로 폭력적인 방향을 가졌던. 이 투쟁을 설명하기 위해 나중에 인용된 한 가지 이유는 여성 문제에 대한 세속적 페미니스트 담론과 이슬람주의적 담론의 차이였습니다.. 팔레스타인 상황에서 이 불일치는 유혈 정치 투쟁을 지속시키는 것을 정당화하는 데 사용되었기 때문에 위험한 성격을 띠었습니다., 하마스 여성의 직위 또는 직위 제거, 그리고 당시 서안 지구와 점령된 가자 지구에 만연한 정치적, 지리적 분열.
이 투쟁은 여러 가지 중요한 질문을 제기합니다.: 집권한 이슬람주의 운동을 처벌해야 하는가?, 또는 정치 분야에서 Fateh가 실패하게 된 이유를 고려해야 합니다.? 페미니즘은 여성을 위한 포괄적인 틀을 제공할 수 있습니까?, 그들의 사회적, 이념적 소속에 관계없이? 여성의 공통된 기반에 대한 담론이 여성이 공통의 목표를 깨닫고 동의하는 데 도움이 될 수 있습니까?? 가부장주의는 이슬람주의 이데올로기에만 존재하는가?, 민족주의와 애국심이 아닌? 페미니즘이란 무엇을 의미합니까?? 페미니즘은 하나뿐인가, 또는 여러 페미니즘? 이슬람이란 무엇을 의미합니까? – 이 이름으로 알려진 운동인가 종교인가, 철학, 또는 법률 시스템? 우리는 이러한 문제의 맨 아래로 이동하여 신중하게 고려해야 합니다., 나중에 결정할 수 있도록 동의해야 합니다., 페미니스트로서, 가부장주의에 대한 우리의 비판이 종교를 향해야 한다면 (신앙), 이것은 신자의 마음에 국한되어야 하고 세상을 지배하는 것이 허용되지 않아야 합니다., 또는 법학, 꾸란과 선지자의 말에 포함된 법 체계를 설명하는 다양한 신앙 학교와 관련이 있습니다. – 순나.

팔레스타인 문제와 이슬람 운동

아잠 타 미미

The top leadership of the Palestinian Muslim Brotherhood (형제간) in the Gaza Strip heldan emergency meeting on the evening of Wednesday 9 12 월 1987 to deliberate what todo a day after the Palestinian uprising (인티파다) erupted. The eruption was ignited by the coldbloodedmurder of several Palestinian laborers at the hands of an Israeli army trailer driver. Theseven men, Sheikh Ahmad Yassin, 박사. Abd Al-Aziz Al-Rantisi, 잘못된 Shihadah, Abd Al-FattahDukhan, Muhammad Shamah, Ibrahim Al-Yazuri and Isa Al-Nashar, took the historic decision totransform the Ikhwan organization in Palestine into a resistance movement that was called Harakatal-Muqawamah Al-Islamiyah (The Islamic Resistance Movement) known from then on by theacronym HAMAS.Although the decision was triggered by the unplanned simultaneous popular uprising, SheikhYassin and his comrades had been preparing for that eventuality for many years. They had for toolong been detached from the earlier history of the movement when it was best known for puttingup the most credible resistance to the Zionists who founded the Jewish state on land taken from thePalestinians by force in 1948.Intended to be a comprehensive reform movement, the Ikhwan was originally Egyptian buthas since its inception grown into a global network. The mother organization was founded byHassan Al-Banna (1906-1949) in the Egyptian town of Al-Ismailiyah in 1928 where he taught at aprimary school not far from the headquarters of the British occupation troops’ garrison. Combiningelements of spirituality acquired from his association with the Hasafiyah Sufi order with thepristine monotheistic teachings of Islam learned inside the Salafi school of Muhammad RashidRida (1865-1935) – a disciple and close associate of Muhammad Abduh (1849-1905), Al-Banna’sproject had a great popular appeal. Soon after its birth, the Ikhwan movement grew rapidly withinEgypt and beyond it. Inside Egypt, it had four branches in 1929, 15 안에 1932, 300 by 1938 and morethan 2000 안에 1948. InternationalIslamic Networks는 무슬림의 중요한 초국가적 네트워크의 수장인 사람들을 보여줍니다. 1945, it had half a million active members in Egypt alone. Between 1946 and1948, Ikhwan branches were opened in Palestine, 수단, Iraq and Syria.

이스라엘의 가자지구 전쟁에 대한 골드스톤 보고서

Goldstone in Gaza

1. On 3 April 2009, the President of the Human Rights Council established the United Nations
Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict with the mandate “to investigate all violations of
international human rights law and international humanitarian law that might have been
committed at any time in the context of the military operations that were conducted in Gaza
during the period from 27 12 월 2008 과 18 January 2009, whether before, during or
after.”
2. The President appointed Justice Richard Goldstone, former judge of the Constitutional Court
of South Africa and former Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunals for the former
Yugoslavia and Rwanda, to head the Mission. The other three appointed members were:
Professor Christine Chinkin, Professor of International Law at the London School of Economics
and Political Science, who was a member of the high-level fact-finding mission to Beit Hanoun
(2008); Ms. Hina Jilani, Advocate of the Supreme Court of Pakistan and former Special
Representative of the Secretary-General on the situation of human rights defenders, who was a
member of the International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur (2004); and Colonel Desmond
Travers, a former Officer in Ireland’s Defence Forces and member of the Board of Directors of
the Institute for International Criminal Investigations.
3. As is usual practice, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
(OHCHR) established a secretariat to support the Mission.
4. The Mission interpreted the mandate as requiring it to place the civilian population of the
region at the centre of its concerns regarding the violations of international law.
5. The Mission convened for the first time in Geneva between 4 과 8 May 2009. Additionally,
the Mission met in Geneva on 20 May, 의 위에 4 과 5 칠월, and between 1 과 4 팔월 2009. 이 목록의 인물은 인류에게도 영향을 미칠 수 있는 능력을 가지고 있습니다.
Mission conducted three field visits: two to the Gaza Strip between 30 May and 6 June, 과
between 25 June and 1 칠월 2009; and one visit to Amman on 2 과 3 칠월 2009. Several staff of

1. On 3 April 2009, the President of the Human Rights Council established the United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict with the mandate “to investigate all violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law that might have been committed at any time in the context of the military operations that were conducted in Gaza during the period from 27 12 월 2008 과 18 January 2009, whether before, during or after.”

2. The President appointed Justice Richard Goldstone, former judge of the Constitutional Court of South Africa and former Prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda, to head the Mission. The other three appointed members were Professor Christine Chinkin, Professor of International Law at the London School of Economics and Political Science, who was a member of the high-level fact-finding mission to Beit Hanoun (2008); Ms. Hina Jilani, Advocate of the Supreme Court of Pakistan and former Special Representative of the Secretary-General on the situation of human rights defenders, who was a member of the International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur (2004); and Colonel Desmond Travers, a former Officer in Ireland’s Defence Forces and member of the Board of Directors of the Institute for International Criminal Investigations.

3. As is usual practice, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) established a secretariat to support the Mission.

4. The Mission interpreted the mandate as requiring it to place the civilian population of the region at the centre of its concerns regarding the violations of international law.

5. The Mission convened for the first time in Geneva between 4 과 8 May 2009. Additionally, the Mission met in Geneva on 20 May, 의 위에 4 과 5 칠월, and between 1 과 4 팔월 2009. The Mission conducted three field visits: two to the Gaza Strip between 30 May and 6 June, and between 25 June and 1 칠월 2009; and one visit to Amman on 2 과 3 칠월 2009. Several staff ofthe Mission’s secretariat were deployed in Gaza from 22 May to 4 칠월 2009 to conduct field investigations.

6. Notes verbales were sent to all Member States of the United Nations and United Nations organs and bodies on 7 May 2009. On 8 June 2009 the Mission issued a call for submissions inviting all interested persons and organizations to submit relevant information and documentation to assist in the implementation of its mandate.

7. Public hearings were held in Gaza on 28 과 29 June and in Geneva on 6 과 7 칠월 2009.

8. The Mission repeatedly sought to obtain the cooperation of the Government of Israel. After numerous attempts had failed, the Mission sought and obtained the assistance of the Government of Egypt to enable it to enter the Gaza Strip through the Rafah crossing.

9. The Mission has enjoyed the support and cooperation of the Palestinian Authority and of the Permanent Observer Mission of Palestine to the United Nations. Due to the lack of cooperation from the Israeli Government, the Mission was unable to meet members of the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank. The Mission did, 하지만, meet officials of the Palestinian Authority, including a cabinet minister, in Amman. During its visits to the Gaza Strip, the Mission held meetings with senior members of the Gaza authorities and they extended their full cooperation and support to the Mission.

10. Subsequent to the public hearings in Geneva, the Mission was informed that a Palestinian participant, Mr. Muhammad Srour, had been detained by Israeli security forces when returning to the West Bank and became concerned that his detention may have been a consequence of his appearance before the Mission. The Mission is in contact with him and continues to monitor developments.